EFFECT OF STRATEGIC CONTROLS ON PERFORMANCE OF AGRICULTURAL COOPERATIVE SOCIETIES IN KENYA
Abstract
Purpose of the Study: To examine the effect of strategic control on the performance of agricultural cooperative societies in Kenya, with emphasis on governance, accountability, sustainability, and the moderating role of firm size.
Statement of the Problem: Agricultural cooperative societies in Kenya face governance weaknesses, inefficiencies, and accountability challenges that affect their performance and sustainability. Limited empirical evidence exists on the influence of strategic controls and the moderating role of firm size on cooperative performance.
Methodology: Anchored in trait leadership theory, the study adopted a mixed research design integrating descriptive and explanatory approaches. The target population comprised 1,206 agricultural cooperative societies across five counties in Kenya, from which a sample of 301 was selected using Yamane’s formula. Data were collected through structured questionnaires and secondary records from the State Department of Cooperatives (2019–2023). Analysis was conducted using SPSS through correlation and regression.
Findings: The study found that strategic controls, including premises monitoring, special alert systems, and implementation controls, have a strong, statistically significant effect on cooperative performance. These controls enhance accountability, efficiency, adaptability, and resilience. The findings further revealed that firm size positively moderates the relationship between strategic controls and performance, with larger cooperatives experiencing stronger benefits due to improved accountability frameworks and management.
Conclusion: The study concludes that strategic controls are critical governance and strategic leadership mechanisms that enhance sustainable performance in agricultural cooperative societies. Firm size strengthens the effectiveness of these controls in improving organizational outcomes.
Recommendation: The study recommends that cooperative societies institutionalize structured monitoring and evaluation systems to strengthen accountability, adaptability, and long-term sustainability.
Keywords: Strategic control, agricultural cooperative societies, organizational performance, firm size, governance, accountability, sustainability, Kenya
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