CLIMATE CHANGE ADAPTIVE STRATEGIES FOR FOOD SECURITY AMONG SMALLHOLDER FARMERS IN KIKUMBULYU NORTH WARD, MAKUENI COUNTY, KENYA
Abstract
Purpose of the study: The study aimed at determining the effect of producing adapted drought-resistant crop species on food security in Kikumbulyu North Ward, Makueni County.
Statement of the problem: Kenya faces persistent food insecurity, worsened by climate change, and despite extensive studies on climate impacts in agriculture, limited research exists on how smallholder farmers’ adoption of drought-resistant crop species contributes to enhancing food security.
Research methodology: The study used a survey design with semi-structured questionnaires on 367 smallholder farmers in Kikumbulyu North Ward, Makueni County, collecting both qualitative and quantitative data. Analysis was done using SPSS, with thematic review for qualitative data, descriptive statistics for quantitative data, and Pearson’s Chi-square tests to examine associations.
Findings: The findings revealed that drought-resistant crops such as green grams, pigeon peas, sorghum, millet, and especially cassava significantly improved food security. Food security was also higher among female-led households, smaller households, individuals with higher education, and those in the middle-age bracket (36–55 years).
Conclusion: The study concludes that the adoption of drought-resistant crops, particularly cassava, significantly enhances household food security among smallholder farmers in Kikumbulyu North Ward.
Recommendation: The study recommends strengthening seed systems, extension services, and market access to enhance the adoption and impact of drought-resistant crops on food security.
Key words: climate change, smallholder farmers, drought-resistant crops, food security
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