INTEGRATING INTERNATIONAL HAZARD CLASSIFICATION SYSTEMS INTO UGANDA’S ENVIRONMENTAL AND OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH FRAMEWORKS

Abstract

Hazard classification is a cornerstone of global chemical safety management, essential for protecting human health, property, and the environment. Two major frameworks—the Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals (GHS) and the United Nations hazard classification system embedded in the UN Model Regulations on the Transport of Dangerous Goods—offer standardized approaches to identifying, categorizing, and communicating chemical hazards. Developed under the auspices of the United Nations, these systems facilitate international trade, regulatory harmonization, and risk mitigation across sectors. Uganda has progressively adopted both GHS and UN hazard class principles to strengthen its environmental and occupational health regulations, particularly through the National Environment Act and supporting legislation. As a signatory to key international conventions and a participant in global commerce, Uganda’s integration of these classification systems reflects its commitment to international standards and public safety. This qualitative study explored and presents results on the structure and application of both GHS and UN hazard classes, examines Uganda’s regulatory alignment, and discusses the challenges and opportunities associated with their implementation in the country’s environmental and occupational health frameworks.

Keywords: Global harmonized system (GHS), hazard classes, Uganda, UN Model Regulations