FACTORS INFLUENCING ADHERENCE TO ANTIRETROVIRAL MEDICATIONS AMONG PEOPLE LIVING WITH HIV IN KENYATTA AND MBAGATHI HOSPITALS, KENYA
Abstract
The Purpose of The Study: The study aimed to explore the challenges that patients face with medication adherence when taking Highly Active Antiretroviral Treatment (HAART) at Kenyatta and Mbagathi Hospitals, Kenya.
Problem Statement: HIV/AIDS affects millions globally, with high rates of opportunistic infections among PLWHA. Effective treatment requires at least 95% adherence to antiretroviral therapy to suppress the virus and prevent resistance.
Methodology: A quasi-experimental study was conducted from January to July 2025 with 198 PLWHA at Kenyatta and Mbagathi hospitals. Adherence was assessed using MMAS-8 and an open-ended question on ARV barriers. Socio-demographic and clinical data were collected, and qualitative responses were thematically analyzed.
Results of the study: Among the factors highlighted were forgetting, disclosure, side effects of medication, disclosure of HIV status, pill burden arising from co morbidities, ‘feeling well’, nutrition, alcohol use, travelling etc.
Conclusion: Antiretroviral medication adherence is a multidimensional phenomenon that is shaped by psychological, physical and social factors. Continuous support and individualized medication plan that fit in patients’ unique lifestyles are recommended to enhance adherence outcomes in this population.
Policy Recommendation: Policies to offer comprehensive patient counseling customized to specific challenges to adherence are essential in combating poor adherence to HAART.
Keywords: Antiretroviral, Medications, People Living with Hiv, Kenyatta, Mbagathi Hospitals
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